GTZ - Land Tenure in Development Cooperation: Table of Contents

Guiding Principles: Land Tenure in Development Cooperation
Orientierungsrahmen: Bodenrecht und Bodenordnung		Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit Abt. 45 / Div. 45

Table of Contents

	Title Page
	Executive Summary
	Preface
1.	Land Tenure Systems and Development: Problem Outline and Introduction
1.1	What are the ‘Guiding Principles’ Concerned With?
1.2	For Whom are the ‘Guiding Principles’?
1.3	What is the Reason for Development Policy Interest in Land Tenure Systems?
1.4	Which are the Most Important Problem Areas?
1.4.1	Land Tenure Systems and Agricultural-Rural Development
1.4.2	Land Tenure Systems with Overall Socio-Economic Development
1.5	Objectives of the ‘Guiding Principles’
2	Global Importance of the Land Issue, Guidelines and Property Systems
2.1	Increase in the Explosive Nature of the Land Issue
2.1.1	Global Trends
2.1.2	Regional Focal Points
2.2	Models and Concepts around Land
2.2.1	Certainty of the Law and Reforms
2.2.2	Rule of Law
2.2.3	Participation in Designing Systems of Land Tenure
2.2.4	The Meaning of Property
2.3	Property Regimes in Land – A Socioeconomic Analysis
2.3.1	Property Regimes: An Overview
2.3.2	Forms of Land Access
2.3.3	Women’s Land Tenure Situation
2.3.4	Land Tenure Within the More Comprehensive Concepts of Resource Tenure
2.3.5	Autochthonous and "Modern" Systems of Land Tenure – Overlapping, Parallels and Conflicts
3	Land Tenure Systems in Focus - Lessons Learned, Challenges and Options for the Future
3.1	Land Tenure Systems and the Natural Production Basis – Interactions and Conflicts
3.2	Dimensions of Land Scarcity in the Development Process
3.2.1	Reduction of Farm Size, Increase in off-Farm Activities and Waning Interest in Farming
3.2.2	Change in the Meaning of Land for the Rural Population and the (Urban) Elite
3.2.3	Spontaneous Occupation of Land – Self-Help or a Threat to State Authority?
3.3	Land Tenure Systems, Agricultural and Rural Development
3.3.1	Farm Size, Agricultural Production and Productivity
3.3.2	More Efficient Use of Labor and Improved Working Conditions
3.3.3	Growth and a More Equal Distribution of Income
3.3.4	Capital Formation
3.3.5	Interactions Between Agricultural and Rural Development
3.4	Structural Change and Land Conversion
3.5	Land Conflicts and Possibilities for Reconciling Differing Interests
3.5.1	Dimensions of Conflicts
3.5.2	Models and Institutional Efficiency in Solving Conflicts
3.5.3	Conflict-Solving Levels
3.5.4	Efficiency of Autochthonous and "Modern" Institutions
3.5.5	Imposition of Uncontrolled Power on the Law and the Need for Participation
3.6	Land Tenure and Social Security
3.7	Agrarian Reforms: An Unanswered Challenge
3.7.1	Attempts at Agrarian Reform
3.7.2	Influence of National and International Interest Groups
3.7.3	Causes for Failing of Land Reforms
3.7.4	Conditions for Successful Agrarian Reforms
3.8	Settlement and Resettlement
3.9	State Divestiture
3.9.1	The Meaning of State Divestiture
3.9.2	Forms of Divestiture and Privatization
3.9.3	Land Legislation Reform
3.9.4	Effects and Problems with Privatization and Divestiture Programs
3.10	Land Markets: Origin, Functions and Dynamics
3.10.1	The Importance of Land Markets
3.10.2	Land Markets and Land Registration
3.10.3	Increasing Importance of Informal Parallel Land Markets
4	Fields of Action for Development Cooperation
4.1	Land Policy
4.1.1	Models
4.1.2	Objectives of Land Policy
4.1.3	Strengthening the Role of Important Groups
4.1.4	Land Policy Instruments
4.1.5	Challenges and Fields of Action
4.2	Policy Dialogue and Advisory Services to Policy Makers
4.2.1	Policy Dialogue
4.2.2	Advisory Services to Policy Makers
4.3	Instruments for Land Administration
4.3.1	Land Register and Cadastre
4.3.2	Land Markets
4.3.3	Land Banking
4.3.4	Land Valuation
4.3.5	Land and Property Tax
4.4	Land Development Instruments
4.4.1	Agrarian Structural Development Planning (ASDP)
4.4.2	Land Consolidation and Land Readjustment
4.4.3	Land Use Planning
4.4.4	Taking Autochthonous Land Tenure into Consideration
4.4.5	Rural Settlement Programs
4.4.6	Land Tenure for Irrigation Projects
4.5	Instruments for Urban Land Management
4.5.1	Dimensions of Urban Land Management
4.5.2	Urban Land Readjustment
4.5.3	Dealing with Squatter Settlements
4.6	Instruments for the Implementation of Agrarian Reforms and Transformation Processes
4.6.1	Types of Agrarian Reforms
4.6.2	Reform of Land Ownership
4.6.3	Reform of Land Management
4.6.4	Market-oriented Model of Negotiations
4.6.5	Impact Assessment of Agrarian Reform
4.6.6	Interim Regulations for Land Tenure in the Transformation Process
4.7	Possibilities for Conflict Resolution
4.7.1	Institutions for Conflict Resolution
4.7.2	Out-of-the-Court Reconciliation of Interests
4.8	Education, Training and applied Research
4.8.1	Create Awareness
4.8.2	Educational Measures
4.8.3	Training Measures
4.8.4	Dissemination of Knowledge
4.8.5	Applied Research
5	New Forms and Areas of Development Cooperation
5.1	Cooperation between Technical Cooperation and Financial Cooperation
5.2	Partnership between the State and the Private Sector
5.3	Development of Partnerships and Networks
5.4	Coordination of International Initiatives
5.5	The Role of NGOs
6	Prospects for the Future
7	References
	List of Abbreviations
	Adresses
	Index

Overviews:

Overview 1:	Classification of fundamental terms
Overview 2:	Certainty of the law in the transfer and use of land
Overview 3:	Regulations for the access and use of land in Latin America
Overview 4:	Land rights of single women in Kenya
Overview 5:	Distribution of holdings in selected countries
Overview 6:	Land tenure and a legal and regulatory framework – The case of Laos
Overview 7:	Land ownership security and farm productivity
Overview 8:	Inhibiting and driving forces in land policy
Overview 9:	Proposed place of land in the general state structure of Tanzania
Overview 10:	The historical development of agricultural structure in a south german community
Overview 11:	Intended and unintended impacts

Photos:

Photo 1:	Intensive agriculture in the highlands of Ethiopia
Photo 2:	The land issue in the daily press
Photo 3:	Rice terraces in Indonesia
Photo 4:	South African Township
Photo 5:	Transformation of an agricultural area for a golf course

Tables:

Table 1:	Farm size in selected Asian countries
Table 2:	The percentage of the urban population living in informal settlements
Table 3:	Changes in the size distribution of land ownership in Egypt, 1951-84
Table 4:	Agricultural land privatization: restitution and distribution
Table 5:	Major features of land policy in the former Soviet Union
Table 6:	Price differences in city property with and without land titles in Jakarta, Indonesia
Table 7:	Cost comparison for the establishment of a land register with respect to a precision gradation and areas of use
Table 8:	Expected effects on land prices
Table 9:	Income from land taxes in Chile and Indonesia
Table 10:	Institutional roles in land administration projects in world Bank-supported and other projects