Guiding Principles:
Land Tenure in Development Cooperation

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Orientierungsrahmen:
Bodenrecht und Bodenordnung

 
Deutsche Gesellschaft
für Technische Zusammenarbeit
Abt. 45 / Div. 45

 

Frithjof Kuhnen (1996):
Synthesis of Current State of and Trends in Land Tenure and Land Policy in Asia

Table of Contents:

Introduction
1. Land Tenure, Land Policy and Land Management in Asia - State and Trends
1.1 East Asia (Japan, Taiwan, Korea)
1.1.1 Japan
1.1.2 Taiwan
1.1.3 Korea
1.2 South Asia (India, Pakistan)
1.2.1 India
1.2.2 Pakistan
1.3 Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Philippines)
1.3.1 Indonesia
1.3.2 Philippines
1.4 Former Socialistic Countries (China, Vietnam)
1.4.1 China
1.4.2 Vietnam
2. Important Developments in Land Tenure, Land Management and Man-Land Relations in Asia
2.1 Changes in Human Relations
2.1.1 Reduction of Dependences
2.1.2 Establishment of the "Progressive Farmers'" Stratum
2.1.3 Degeneration of Traditional Local Institutions
2.1.4 Increasing Organization of Target Groups
2.2 Changes in Income and in its Distribution
2.2.1 Reduction in Farm Sizes
2.2.2 Phasing Out Agriculture
2.2.3 Increasing Regional Differentiation
2.2.4 Gender Differences in the Economic Situation
2.3 Changes in Production and Productivity
2.3.1 Increase in Production and Productivity
2.3.2 Importance of Freedom in Land Management
2.3.3 Decline in Settlement Activities
2.3.4 Increasing Ecological Degradation
2.4 Development of Land Markets
2.4.1 Land Rights are Relatively Stable
2.4.2 Markets for Land Ownership Rights
2.4.3 Markets for Usufruct Rights
2.4.4 Land Market Regulations
3. Land Tenure and Development Projects and Programmes
3.1 Influences of Land Tenure on Projects and Programmes
3.2 Types of Tenure and their Effects
3.2.1 Private Ownership
3.2.2 Landed Property Belonging to the State
3.2.3 Common Property
3.2.4 Tenancy
3.2.4.1 Cash Tenancy
3.2.4.2 Rent in Kind
3.2.4.3 Labor Rent (Colonat)
3.2.4.4 Share Rent
3.2.5 Squatting
3.3 Scale of Access to Land and its Effects
3.3.1 Households having Enough Land to Support the Family
3.3.1.1 Large Landowners
3.3.1.2 'Progressive Farmers'
3.3.1.3 'Economic Holdings'
3.3.1.4 Consequences for Development Projects and Programmes
3.3.2 Households whose Land is Insufficient to Support the Family
3.3.2.1 Households Depending upon Multiple Employment
3.3.2.2 Households Depending upon Household Production
3.3.2.3 Holdings of Aged People
3.3.2.4 Marginal Existences
3.3.2.5 Consequences for Development Projects and Programmes
4. Suggestions for Including Land Tenure in Development Cooperation
4.1 Determinants of a Successful Tenure Policy
4.2 Possible Fields of Action
4.2.1 Policy Dialogue
4.2.2 Information Transfer
4.2.3 Special Land Tenure Projects / Programmes
4.2.3.1 Examples of Model Projects
4.2.3.2 Examples for Training and Evaluation Projects
4.2.4 Land Tenure in Other Agricultural and Rural Development Projects / Programmes